Module 10 · Unit 10 — Society, Globalisation & You
Crime and Punishment
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Lesson 1 of 5

Crime and Punishment

Core 60 min
Pathway

Lesson 10.1 opens Unit 10 with crime and society vocabulary, complex sentence structures, and Speaking Part 1 on local community.

What you'll be able to do
  • Use 10 phrases about crime and society
  • Build complex sentences with subordination
  • Answer Part 1 questions about your community
Get Ready

Get Ready · Your community

  • Is your neighbourhood generally a safe place?
  • Have crime rates in your country gone up or down?
  • What one change would make your community better?
Exam Vocabulary

Vocabulary · Crime & society

law-abiding citizen
noun
someone who obeys the law
commit an offence
verb
break the law
petty crime
noun
minor illegal acts
deter offenders
verb
discourage people from committing crime
rehabilitation
noun
helping offenders reintegrate
custodial sentence
noun
prison term
socioeconomic factors
noun
money- and society-related causes
community policing
noun
police working closely with local people
root causes
noun
the underlying reasons for a problem
take a firm stance on
phrase
be strict about
Exam Vocabulary

Pathway focus · Academic crime lexis

punitive measures
noun
punishment-based responses
restorative justice
noun
approaches focused on repairing harm
recidivism
noun
the tendency to reoffend
Grammar Focus

Grammar · Complex sentences with subordination

3 subordinators that lift you to Band 7
01
Although / While
Concession — 'While longer sentences deter serious offenders, they do little for petty crime.'
02
Whereas
Contrast — 'Prison focuses on punishment, whereas community service focuses on reparation.'
03
Given that / Since
Reason — 'Given that most reoffending happens within a year, early support matters most.'
Example · Range not length

✓ Although harsher sentencing may reduce serious crime, it rarely addresses the socioeconomic factors that produce it in the first place.

Speaking Task

Speaking · Part 1 — Your community

  • Do you feel safe walking around your area at night?
  • Do neighbours know each other well where you live?
  • What could local government do to improve things?
Part 1 — Feeling safe at night
Band 6 · Competent
  • 'Yes, it is safe. There are lights and people.'
Band 7 · Good
  • 'Broadly, yes — the main streets are well-lit and there's usually enough foot traffic that you rarely feel isolated. That said, I'd probably still avoid the quieter back roads after midnight, just as a sensible precaution.'
Exam Strategy

Exam Strategy

  • Exam Tip

    Subordinators change the meaning — 'although' vs 'because' aren't interchangeable.

Independent Practice

Independent Practice

Sentence combining

Combine these into ONE complex sentence: 'Crime rates fell. Youth unemployment stayed high. Analysts were surprised.'

Key Takeaways

Key Takeaways

Remember
  • Complex sentences show meaning, not showing off.
  • Community answers score with concrete street-level detail.
When you're done, mark this lesson complete.
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